In vitro selection of rock phosphate solubility by microorganism from Ultisols in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Phosphorus (P) is the second most required nutrient of plants, but its availability in ultisols is relatively low.\ud Source of P can be found from rock phosphate (RP) which has low solubility level. Use of microbial solubilizing phosphate\ud such as bacteria, fungi or combination of both is potential to increase availability of P. This research was aimed to find\ud bacterial or fungal isolates that are high potential in solubilizing of RP. In vitro selection was conducted to obtain indigenous\ud bacteria or fungi from Ultisols of South Sulawesi. Selection of microbes for their capability to solubate rock phosphate\ud qualitatively, conducted through measuring the solubility index (SI) and solubility efficiency (SE) on pykovskaya solid\ud medium and on National Botanical Research Institutes phosphate-bromophenol blue (NBRIP-BPB) medium. The results of\ud this study indicated that from SI and SE highest values, four high potential isolates were selected namely, Aspergillus niger\ud JTM 2, Bacillus sp JTM 3, Aspergillus niger JTM 6 and Pseudomonas sp JTM 10. Ability of solubilizing phosphate from the\ud four isolates was then tested in liquid medium pikovskaya either in single or mixed combination. Solubilizing phosphate of\ud RF was determined according to [1] method. The results of test on solid media indicate that Bacillus sp JTM 3 and\ud Pseudomonas sp JTM 10 have SI and SE higher than both Aspergillus niger JTM 2 and Aspergillus niger JTM 6. Futhermore,\ud test on Pikovskaya liquid media confirmed that Aspergillus niger JTM 6 and Pseudomonas sp JTM 10 gives the higher results\ud than other single isolates and control, whereas the combination of isolates Bacillus sp JTM 3 and Aspergillus niger JTM 2\ud indicated significantly higher solubilizing phosphorus production than all other treatments

Analisis Fosfor Tanah pada Lahan Sawah Irigasi dan Sawah Tadah Hujan di Kecamatan Duampanua Kabupaten Pinrang: Analysis of Soil Phosphorus in Irrigated and Rainfed Rice Fields in Duampanua District) Pinrang Regency

Pinrang is one of the regencies with a high level of rice production in South Sulawesi Province. One fertilizer often used for rice cultivation in the Duampanua District is phosphorus (P). In the study area, on average, farmers apply fertilization without adjusting the amount of fertilizer needed for each area of cultivated rice fields. One of them is by giving phosphorus fertilizers which are given continuously in excessive doses, which can cause environmental pollution and nutrient imbalances. This study aims to study the form of soil phosphorus in irrigated and rainfed rice fields on the length of land use in Duampanua District, Pinrang Regency. The research sample points were determined by the purposive sampling method spread over 6 sample points and divided into 3 sampling points according to the time of land use for 10 years, 20 years, and 30 years in the area of composite irrigated and rainfed rice fields. In each point, there are 2 sampling zones, namely at a depth of 0 10 cm and 10-20 cm The parameters observed were pH, C-organic. P-available. P-total, P fractionation, and texture. The results showed that the P-Available soil layer 0-10 cm in irrigated rice fields with a land use age of 10 years was in the high category (18.70 ppm), while the highest category in rainfed rice fields was obtained at 30 years of land use (17, 75 ppm). The P-Total value in the 0-10 cm layer with a usage age of 20 years in irrigated rice fields was categorized as moderate (37.24 mg/100g ), while in rainfed rice fields with a land use age of 10 years in a soil layer of 10-20cm had the highest value of 45.05mg/100g. The fractionation of inorganic phosphorus to form Al-P, Fe-P, and Ca-P showed higher values in rainfed rice fields than in irrigated rice fields. The form and availability of phosphorus in the tillage layer of 10-20 cm in rainfed rice fields are higher than that of irrigated rice fields, especially at the age of 10 years of land use

Efektivitas Pupuk Organik Cair Bawang Merah dan Limbah Bawang Merah Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Bawang Merah: Effectiveness of Red Onion Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Red Onion Waste on Changes in Soil Chemical Properties and Red Onion Growth

Soil has an important role "in agriculture for the growth and production" of plants. The combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers can increase crop productivity and improve soil quality on land so that it can be used sustainably. One of the potential plants that can be used as a basic ingredient of organic fertilizer is red onion. This study aims to determine the effect of red onion liquid organic fertilizer on changes in soil chemical properties and plant growth. This research was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor is the dose of organic fertilizer and the second factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer. Parameters observed were pH, C-Organic, N, P, K, tuber weight, plant fresh weight, number of leaves and plant height. The results showed that red onion organic fertilizer can lower soil pH and increase soil C-Organic, N, P and K. The combination of the D1KB2 treatment (50% basic fertilizer + 15,000 ppm red onion waste) gave the best results in increasing soil organic C, Phosphate and Potassium. Conclusion. The interaction of inorganic fertilizers and red onion liquid organic fertilizer had a significant effect on tuber weight and plant wet weight, and had no significant effect on plant height and number of leaves

Analysis of Development Strategy for Conservation Area of Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) in Wermon Coast of Tamrauw Regency

This research aimed to identify factors threatening the population and migration of leatherback turtles, analyze community perceptions (stakeholders) from ecological, economic, cultural, legal and institutional aspects, formulate policy strategy of management and development of leatherback turtle conservation area on the Wermon Coast of Tambraw Regency. Data collection techniques used were literature study and field studies through interviews, observation and documentation. Sampling was conducted by purposive sampling method with the number of respondents of 50 persons. The results showed that several factors that threatened the population and migration of leatherback turtles were sand temperature and temperature variations, sea level rise, beach slope, and sand texture. Community perception of ecological aspects showed 80% positive habits, economic aspect increased local people's income, cultural aspect showed 90% of respondents accept, legal and institutional perceptions showed 94% of people support spatial planning policies and 86% social institutions support the development of conservation areas. Several SWOT analysis strategies for developing leatherback turtle conservation area, namely provide training for management of leatherback turtle conservation, create a community-based turtle conservation management manuals, improve facilities and infrastructure, increase monitoring of coral reef resources, implements strict control of pollution materials that can disrupt the living conditions of leatherback turtles, increase public understanding of conservation areas and promote the role of the leatherback turtle in the community.Keywords: Conservation area, leatherback turtle, SWOT analysis

Keanekaragaman Biota Tanah pada Kebun Kakao di Desa Parenring Kecamatan Lilirilau Kabupaten Soppeng: Diversity of Soil Biota in Cocoa Farms in Parenring Village, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency

This study aims to determine the diversity of soil fauna based on the landscape and soil depth in the cocoa plantation in Parenring Village, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency. This research was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 located on a cocoa plantation in Parenring Village, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency. This research was conducted by taking soil samples using the Systematic Sampling (SYS) method, using monolithic soil sampling and disturbed soil samples. The observation of soil biota, hand sorting and microscopy were used. Based on the research results, soil samples in the back area had the highest soil biota diversity (H' = 1.32), followed by the valley area (H' = 1.29) and the middle area (H' = 1.18). Soil biota diversity is included in the medium criteria

DESAIN SISTEM PENGANGGARAN OPERASIONAL BERBASIS WEB PADA USAHA SPRING BED

DESAIN SISTEM PENGANGGARAN OPERASIONAL BERBASIS WEB PADA USAHASPRING BE

Monitoring Perubahan Areal Persawahan Menggunakan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa)

The area of agricultural land, especially paddy fields, is related to the level of rice production. Conversion of agricultural land to non-agriculture will have an impact on the availability of rice supply. This study aims to identify changes in paddy field land use in 2005 - 2016 using high-resolution satellite imagery and calculate the need for rice per capita in Pallangga District. This research utilizes the application of geographic information systems in monitoring changes in paddy field use. The method used in the classification of land use is digitizing on screen. The conversion of paddy fields to non-paddy fields was obtained from the results of overlapping maps of Pallangga District land use maps in 2005 and 2016 and presented in the form of cross tabulations. The accuracy test results obtained the overall accuracy value of 98.04%, and the kappa accuracy value of 0.98. This study shows that paddy field area has decreased by 305.25 ha. The change consisted of 17.68 ha into a water body, turned into a garden of 132.86 ha and became a settlement of 154.71 ha. The conversion of paddy fields in Pallangga District in 2005-2016 affected rice production. The results of the analysis of the needs of rice per capita per year show that in 2017 Pallangga District is surplus in the supply of rice to its population. However, based on population projection, the decrease in land area and rice production in Pallangga Subdistrict in 2020 was unable to meet the rice needs of its population of 1,027 ton

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Cendawan Dekomposer pada Bahan Kompos Jerami, Endapan Tanah Danau Tempe dan Tanah Exfarm Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin

Agricultural wastes able to provide profit value if utilized properly for example made into organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer production requires microbial decomposers to help the decomposition process. This research aims to isolate and identify the characteristics of microbial decomposers found in straw compost, soil sediment from tempe lake and soil from exfarm. In this research, conducted microbial isolation. Microbial exploration of compost material, soil organic matter and soil deposition material is mixed with physiological solution then grown on PDA, further purification of the unwanted microbes. In this study only used the media to grow the asparagine fungus to see the growth of macroscopic and microscopic fungi. The results showed that there are seven isolates of the fungus from different material extraction. The extracted compost material to produce two fungi are Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., Tempe lake sediment soil shows three types of fungi with Aspergillus Sp. and two types Zygomisota, while soil from Exfarm also shows two types of fungi are Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. The growth rate of each different fungal isolates based sources although of the same typ

Peningkatan Unsur Hara Kalium dalam Tanah Melalui Aplikasi POC Batang Pisang dan Sabut Kelapa

In Indonesia, there is not much use of potassium fertilizer for plants. Generally, farmers are more familiar with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers than potassium. This is caused potassium is expensive and hard to find, so there should be another alternative for easily and economic potassium fertilizer. This study aims to analyze the effect of organic liquid fertilizer produced from banana stem and coconut fiber to increase Potassium in soil and maize growth on ex-cassava cultivation land in Moncongloe Bulu Village, Moncongloe District, Maros Regency. The study used randomized block design within two factors and replied for three times. The first factor is coconut liquid fertilizer with 4 levels; SK1 (50 ml/pot), SK2 (100 ml/pot), SK3 (150 ml/pot) and SK4 (200 ml/pot). The second factor is banana liquid fertilizer with 4 levels; BP1 (25ml/pot), BP2 (50ml/pot), BP3 (75ml/pot) and BP4 (100ml/pot), so there are 27 total of treatment units. The results showed that coconut liquid fertilizer significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, dry matter weight, dry root weight, matter weight, root weight, organic carbon, cation exchanged capacity, percentage Potassium of maize, and gained the highest average of Pottassium increasing in soil. Nevertheless, it has not significant effect to soil pH

Peningkatan Unsur Hara Fospor Tanah Ultisol Melalui Pemberian Pupuk Kandang, Kompos dan Pelet

Ultisol soil has high potential for the development of dryland agriculture. However, this soil use faces obstacles because the nutrient content in Ultisol soils is generally low. This study aims to determine the effect of manure and straw compost on increasing nutrient content of phosphorus in ultisol soil. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 levels of treatment, namely P0 = control, P1 = manure 10 tons / ha, P2 = manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = compost 5 tons / ha, P4 = compost 10 ton / ha, P5 = manure 5 tons / ha + compost 10 tons / ha, P6 = manure 10 tons / ha + compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = pellet compost 5 tons / ha, P8 = compost pellets of 10 tons / ha. The treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that giving 10 tons / ha of manure plus 5 tons / ha of compost had a significant effect on reducing Al-dd content, and increasing P-available, pH, base saturation, cation exchange capacity and C-organicon Ultisol soil. Giving pellet fertilizer 10 tons / ha gives a real influence on the growth of maize plants.